A glossary of data related terms

it must define the rules for exercising the activities of data management, to ensure compliance with these rules and their implementation and to ensure their development and evaluate their effectiveness

The Business Intelligence tools, the data warehouses... provide the information the user needs to act and decide. This information is the result of an aggregation of data made in accordance with predefined rules. To provide "good quality data" to the user implies good quality data taken individually and coherent data aggregation.

the black gold of the 21st century offers to organizations the possibility to better target their customers and to differentiate them by suggesting customized offers of services. It consists in all the information collected both off- and online which allows the analysis and the predictability of behaviours, representing essential data as used in marketing. Problem met by big data : the protection of sensitive or confidential data is understandably wished for individuals. A solution would eventually come with the anonymization of data inside the organizations.

refers to the information stored in an organized manner in a computer system such as the data it comprises can be manipulated easily by software applications and stored effectively regardless of
size. Depending on the context we also refer to:
 - the envelope (the "structures")
 - the contents of the envelope ("data")
 - or both

software package that allows you to organize, control, view and modify the structures and/or data in a database. DBMSs are classified by type according to the ways of
organizing data that they provide:
 - Flat (eg VSAM, ISAM, UFAS)
 - Hierarchical (eg IMS)
 - Networks (eg IDMS, IDS2)
 - Relational (eg DB2, My SQL, Oracle, Postgres, SQL Server and so on)
 - XML

data set within a defined scope

MDE process applied to computer data

The process of building a technical object from a formal and abstract description of the object to achieve

this is the process used to design, describe and realize and put into production a technical system. In the field of databases, it is to create the system used to store data.

The process that allows the transformation of an existing technical system to conform to new specifications. For databases, it is the transformation of a database (that is to say structures, data and their
interactions with the program) so that it can be used to meet new business needs or functions in new technological environments.

is the process of examining existing technical processes in order to obtain a complete and detailed description of how a system works. In the field of data management, it is a description of the
structures, business rules, dependencies and access. The goal is to "reconstruct" the different models from an existing technical system.

This term refers to the grouping into a single model of logical and physical models. Indeed, in the relational universe, the logical and physical models are sufficiently close to each other that they
can be confused. This model is called "technical" in that it is used for the technical implementation of the database.

is a generic term that covers:

• conceptual model
• logical model
• physical model

Metadata are data describing other data (semantically data about data). It's the information which allows to recognize the collected data.