Joanna James
Sri Lanka, an island nation rich in history and culture, offers countless places where you can immerse yourself in its ancient traditions and vibrant heritage. Here are five culturally significant places that every traveller should explore to truly appreciate the country’s history and diversity.
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sigiriya is one of the most iconic landmarks in Sri Lanka. This ancient rock fortress was built by King Kashyapa in the 5th century. The fortress sits atop a massive 200-metre-tall rock, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. But it’s not just the panoramic views that make Sigiriya culturally significant—its rich history and impressive architecture are what truly stand out. As you climb the rock, you’ll come across ancient frescoes, graffiti from centuries ago, and the famous "Lion's Paw" entrance. At the summit, the remnants of the king’s palace and intricate water gardens are a testament to the architectural brilliance of the time. If you're planning a trip with a focus on historical landmarks, Sigiriya is a must-see on any itinerary for Sri Lanka cultural tours.
Kandy, a bustling city in the heart of Sri Lanka, is considered the cultural capital of the country. The crown jewel of Kandy is the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, a Buddhist temple that houses one of the most important relics in Buddhism—an actual tooth of the Buddha. This temple draws pilgrims from all over the world, especially during the annual Esala Perahera, a grand procession held in honour of the sacred relic.
One of the oldest cities in Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura was the country’s first capital and is another UNESCO World Heritage Site. Established over 2,000 years ago, it remains one of the most important cities in Sri Lanka’s history. This sprawling city is home to numerous ancient stupas (dagobas), temples, and monasteries, many of which are still used for worship today. The most sacred site in Anuradhapura is the Sri Maha Bodhi, a fig tree believed to be a sapling from the tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment. This makes it one of the oldest living trees with a recorded history. The city also boasts ancient ruins, including the impressive Ruwanwelisaya stupa and the Abhayagiri Monastery, which offer a glimpse into the grandeur of ancient Sri Lankan civilisation.
Stepping into Galle Fort feels like stepping back in time. This colonial-era fort, built by the Portuguese and later fortified by the Dutch, is located on the southwest coast of Sri Lanka. It is one of the best-preserved examples of European architecture in South Asia and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The fort is a lively mix of old and new. Its narrow cobblestone streets are lined with colonial-era buildings, boutique hotels, cafes, and art galleries. You can walk along the fort’s ramparts, explore the historic lighthouse, or visit the Dutch Reformed Church, which dates back to the 18th century. If you're looking to experience the rich cultural heritage of Sri Lanka, consider booking a package with a reputed tour operator like Ceylon Tours.
Polonnaruwa, another UNESCO World Heritage Site, was Sri Lanka’s medieval capital and is renowned for its well-preserved ruins. The city flourished between the 11th and 13th centuries and is considered one of the best-planned archaeological relic cities in the country. It’s a fantastic destination for those interested in exploring Sri Lanka’s ancient past. One of the highlights of Polonnaruwa is the Gal Viharaya, a group of four stunning Buddha statues carved into granite rock. These statues, in sitting, standing, and reclining positions, are considered masterpieces of Sinhalese sculpture.
A true believer that the pen is a mighty weapon, ventures into reaching the minds of every reader with the earnest hope of leaving an indelible stream of thought.
A travel writer who has a passion for fashion and a deep interest in admiring new and exotic attractions around the world.
