Everything you need to know about Polonnaruwa – The ancient city

Dubbed the medieval capital of Ceylon, Polonnaruwa wasn't always in the sights of the Kings of Sri Lanka. It was only after the destruction of Anuradhapura in 993 that Polonnaruwa was named the capital of Sri Lanka. Comprising several monumental ruins holding significant importance, even to this day, Polonnaruwa is a must-visit located not too far from Heritance Kandalama, which is quite a popular Kandalama hotel.

Initially a temporary royal residence, it was in the 10th century that Polonnaruwa was named the capital city of Sri Lanka. Anuradhapura was destroyed by King Chola Rajaraja I, and the dynasty chose Polonnaruwa as opposed to Anuradhapura as they were under the belief that it was easier to defend. To their dismay, however, King Vijayabahu I conquered Polonnaruwa in 1070, exiling the Cholas entirely. Afterwards, King Vijabahu adorned Polonnaruwa with several Buddhist monuments, which sit there, to this day, albeit in ruins. Polonnaruwa would continue to be the capital for three centuries, undergoing mass building projects under the king. King Parakramabahu undertook the building, constructing a multitude of parks, gardens, monuments and stunning palaces.

Polonnaruwa was enlisted as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982 and brims with archaeological treasures. If you're keen on learning all about Sri Lanka's long history, visit this city dotted with many insightful attractions. Polonnaruwa is one of the three cities which make up the cultural triangle of Sri Lanka.

The first location you need to head to in Polonnaruwa would be the Royal Palace, which now sits in partial ruins but has not lost an ounce of its beauty. The palace was constructed between 1153 to 1186, under the reign of King Mahaparakram Bahu. Holding huge historical significance, it's said that the Royal Palace is the main reason for the city's UNESCO World Heritage status. An emblem of grandeur, don't miss this majestic location.

As the city is full of artefacts, you need to head to the archaeological museum of Polonnaruwa to get a closer look at these treasures. Established in 1962, this simple museum has a host of artefacts and informative visuals within its walls. You need to head to the museum for a unique learning experience.

The biggest man-made rainwater tank in Sri Lanka, this ancient body of water was constructed during the time of King Parakramabahu. Spread over the expanse of 2500 hectares, this reservoir acts as a source of irrigation for many agricultural activities within the city, thus is indirectly a source of livelihood for the farmers and their families. Holding 134 million cubic meters of water, this area is also ideal to catch a beautiful sunset.