The 17th century saw the rise of various movements attempting to reform the Catholic Church from within while avoiding any break-away. Such movements aimed partly at countering the influence in France of the Protestant reformation.
Johannes Gutenberg revolutionized printing technology by adapting the presses used for winemaking. Gutenberg's printing press is considered one of the greatest inventions of the second millennium.
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The revolutionary movement that shook France between 1787 and 1799 and reached its first climax there in 1789. Hence the conventional term “Revolution of 1789,” denoting the end...